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2. Increased Air Pollution

Air pollution is another factor exacerbating allergy symptoms. Pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and particulate matter can irritate the respiratory system and exacerbate allergic reactions. Pollutants can also interact with pollen, making it more allergenic. This means that even if pollen levels are not exceptionally high, the presence of air pollution can make existing pollen more irritating to the immune system.

A study conducted by the European Respiratory Journal found that exposure to air pollution can increase the severity of respiratory allergies and asthma . Urban areas, in particular, may see higher rates of allergic reactions due to the combination of pollution and pollen.